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๐ Synovial Herniation Pit
โ Definition
Synovial herniation pits, also known as Pitt pits, are common and usually incidental imaging findings, often described as fibrocystic changes at the anterosuperior femoral neck.
โ Epidemiology
- Found in ~5% (range: 4-12%) of normal adults on X-ray.
โ Associations
- Linked to cam morphology femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), occurring in 5-33% of cases.
- However, the causal relationship between FAI and synovial herniation pits remains unproven.
โ Pathology
- The exact cause is debated.
- Represents a herniation of synovium or soft tissue into bone through a cortical defect.
- Commonly occurs at the anterosuperior femoral neck, but also reported in the anteroinferior region.
- Size: Typically 5 mm (range: 1-15 mm).
- More often unilateral than bilateral.
โ Plain Radiograph / CT
- Appears as oval, round, or "8-shaped" lucencies with sclerotic margins.
- CT may reveal an overlying cortical defect.
โ MRI
- Well-defined lesion with low peripheral signal.
- Central low T1 and high T2 signal, sometimes heterogeneous.
- Some lesions contain intralesional fat.
- Adjacent bone marrow edema is rare.
โ Treatment & Prognosis
- Incidental finding with no clinical significance.
- Considered a “don’t touch” lesion in radiology.
- May enlarge over time but generally requires no treatment.
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