(Fig 5-C.07) MRI Findings of Osteochondral Autograft Transplantation

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📌 Osteochondral Autograft Transplantation (OATS)

 

• Osteochondral Autograft Transplantation (OATS), or Mosaicplasty, is a surgical technique used to treat focal cartilage lesions in the knee by transplanting osteochondral cylinders from non-weight-bearing areas to damaged cartilage areas.

 

✅ Indications and Limitations

• Large Cartilage Defects: Challenging for lesions larger than 4 cm² due to donor site morbidity.
• Patient Criteria: Suitable for lesions up to 2.5 cm², typically in patients under 50 years old, but can address larger lesions.

 

✅ Procedure Overview

• Durability: The harvested graft with hyaline cartilage is more durable than fibrocartilage from microfracture procedures.
• Defect Types: Effective for larger, deeper, uncontained, and multiple cartilage defects.
• Graft Harvesting: Osteochondral cylinders are harvested from specific non-weight-bearing areas of the knee.

 

✅ Postoperative Imaging and Outcomes

• Assessment: Evaluate morphology of native and donor cartilage, fill defects, peripheral integration, and joint surface restoration.
• Early Healing: Transplanted tissue should fill the defect uniformly without gaps.
• Cartilage Thickness: Ideal match to surrounding cartilage, though patellar defects may present challenges.

 

✅ Healing and Complications

• Bone Marrow Edema: Common early postoperatively, typically resolves by 6 months.
• Donor Site Healing: Fills with fibrocartilage in 6-9 months; persistent edema may indicate morbidity.
• Edema Regression: Similar regression rates in donor and repair sites.

 

References

• Clin Imaging. 2019 Nov-Dec;58:129-139
• Semin Musculoskelet Radiol. 2022 Jun;26(3):216-229
• J Knee Surg. 2021 Jan;34(1):2-10
• J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2021 Sep 25;22:101610

 

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#OATS #Mosaicplasty #CartilageRepair #KneeSurgery #Orthopedics #SportsMedicine #CartilageLesions #JointHealth #MedicalImaging #SurgicalTechniques