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📌Five PFI Indices for Assessing Patellar Height
1️⃣ Insall–Salvati Index (ISI)
- Description: Ratio of patellar tendon length to patella length.
- Normal Range: 0.8 to 1.2.
- Abnormal Values: <0.8 (patella baja), >1.2 (patella alta).
- Notes: Morphological variations can affect accuracy.
2️⃣ Modified Insall–Salvati Index (MISI)
- Description: Ratio of the distance from patellar tendon insertion to the distal end of patellar cartilage and the length of the patellar articular surface.
- Cut-off Value: 2.
- Advantage: More sensitive to patellar morphology.
- Disadvantage: Difficulty in identifying the distal end of the patellar articular surface.
3️⃣ Caton–Deschamps Index (CDI)
- Description: Ratio of the distance from the upper limit of the tibia to the distal end of the patellar cartilage and the length of the patellar articular surface.
- Normal Range: 0.6 to 1.2.
- Abnormal Values: <0.6 (patella baja), >1.2 (patella alta).
- Notes: Useful in various knee flexion degrees; challenges in osteoarthritic knees.
4️⃣ Blackburne–Peel Index (BPI)
- Description: Ratio of the perpendicular distance from the tibial plateau line to the inferior margin of the patellar cartilage and the length of the patellar articular surface.
- Normal Value: 0.8.
- Abnormal Values: >1.0 (patella alta), <0.5 (patella baja).
- Notes: Difficult to measure in CT/MRI due to non-flat tibial plateau.
5️⃣ Patellotrochlear Index (PTI)
- Description: Ratio of the trochlear articular surface length to the patellar articular surface length.
- Normal Range: 12.5% to 50%.
- Abnormal Values: <12.5% (patella alta), >50% (patella baja).
- Notes: Considered accurate for functional patella height on sagittal MRI.
➡️ References:
Knee Surg Relat Res. 2023 Mar 13;35(1):7
"Visualizing MSK Radiology: A Practical Guide to Radiology Mastery"
© 2022 MSK MRI Jee Eun Lee All Rights Reserved.
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