1️⃣ MRI Imaging Findings for ACL Tears:
- Positive Predictive Value: A discontinuous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) or an abnormal horizontal orientation of the ACL is indicative of a 100% positive predictive value for an ACL tear.
2️⃣ Horizontal orientation of ACL:
- An angle greater than 15º between the roof of the intercondylar notch and the ACL suggests a complete tear.
- An angle less than 45º between the distal ACL and the tibia, indicating a horizontal orientation of ACL fibers, is also highly accurate for diagnosing complete ACL tears.
3️⃣ Blumensaat Angle:
- The Blumensaat angle is created by the intersection of the Blumensaat line and a line along the margin of the ACL, including its distal portion.
- Negative (Normal) Blumensaat Angle: The apex of the angle is directed superiorly.
- Positive (Abnormal) Blumensaat Angle: The apex of the angle is directed inferiorly.
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