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📌 The Lateral Patellofemoral Complex
✅ Primary Component
- The primary component of the lateral patellofemoral complex is the lateral patellofemoral ligament, which extends from the lateral patella and adjacent patellar tendon to the femur, specifically distal-anterior to the lateral femoral epicondyle.
✅ Secondary Stabilizers
- Lateral patellomeniscal ligament: spanning from the inferolateral patella to the lateral meniscus anterior horn.
- Lateral patellotibial ligament: extending from the inferolateral patella to the adjacent tibia near the Gerdy tubercle.
✅ Importance
- The lateral patellofemoral complex plays a crucial role in both lateral and medial patellar displacement.
- Due to concerns about iatrogenic medial patellar instability, many surgeons now perform a controlled retinacular "lengthening" procedure instead of a traditional lateral "release" procedure.
✅ Layers
- The lateral retinacular complex is more robust and less frequently injured compared to the medial retinacular complex. It consists of three layers:
- The deep fascia forming the superficial layer
- Contributions from the vastus lateralis obliquus, quadriceps aponeurosis, and iliotibial band forming the intermediate layer (including the lateral patellofemoral ligament)
- The joint capsule accounting for the deep layer
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➡️References:
- Radiographics. 2023 Jun;43(6):e220177
- Skeletal Radiol. 2018 Aug;47(8):1069-1086
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#LateralPatellofemoralComplex, #KneeAnatomy, #PatellofemoralLigament, #PatellofemoralInstability, #PatellofemoralPain, #KneeInjuries, #OrthopedicSurgery, #RetinacularRelease, #QuadricepsAnatomy, #IliotibialBand