✅ Knee MRI Mastery405 (Fig 3-A.33) Five Major Semimembranosus Expansions https://youtu.be/AkCrMM3gSjwhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌Semimembranosus tendon and its five major expansions:1️⃣Direct Arm (Principal Attachment):Attaches directly to the posteromedial aspect of the tibia, just distal to the joint line, in a groove known as the tuberculum tendinis.Forms a C-shaped, 5-mm-thick band with the anterior arm along the posteromedial tibia, difficult to distinguish f.. 2024. 5. 12. (Fig 3-A.32) Grade III Posterior Oblique Ligament Injury https://youtu.be/FueLq9mcIaIhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌 Posteromedial Corner (PMC) Injuries and InstabilityPosteromedial corner injuries are associated with knee instability, which includes anteromedial rotatory instability and genu recurvatum instability.✅ Role of the PMCThe PMC serves as a primary stabilizer against valgus laxity and a secondary stabilizer for anterior tibial translation a.. 2024. 5. 11. (Fig 3-A.31) Grade II Posterior Oblique Ligament Injury_ Part 2 https://youtu.be/lWvCJAv9vpkhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌Posteromedial corner injuryPMC injuries are more commonly associated with other injuries that dominate the clinical picture, which may obscure or mask the presence of PMC injuries.✅Common Associated InjuriesO’Donoghue’s Triad: Involves injuries to the ACL, Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL), and medial meniscus.PCL Injury: Often occurs alo.. 2024. 5. 11. (Fig 3-A.30) Grade II Posterior Oblique Ligament Injury_ Part 1 https://youtu.be/8qzWcaa3ZGMhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌Posterior Oblique Ligament (POL)The POL is functionally distinct from the Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) and is the most frequently injured structure of the Posteromedial Corner (PMC).✅ Anatomy of the POLThe POL originates proximally just behind and slightly inferior to the proximal origin of the superficial MCL (sMCL). It runs oblique.. 2024. 5. 11. (Fig 3-A.29) Grade I Posterior Oblique Ligament Injury https://youtu.be/fJ2M8jBjZmchttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc ✅ Grading System for Posterior Oblique LigamentTearsThe grading system for POL (Posterior Oblique Ligament) tears is identical to that for MCL (Medial Collateral Ligament) tears.1️⃣ Grade I InjuryDefinition: A sprain, or grade I injury, is identified when the ligament maintains normal thickness and continuity, but is surrounded by edema.2️.. 2024. 5. 11. (Fig 3-A.28) Anteromedial Rotatory Instability https://youtu.be/P6KD4DuidKUhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc ✅ Anatomy of the Posteromedial CornerLocated between the superficial medial collateral ligament and posterior cruciate ligamentConsists of 5 main structures: semimembranosus tendon, oblique popliteal ligament, posterior oblique ligament, posteromedial capsule, posterior horn of medial meniscus✅ Biomechanical ImportancePrimary stabilizer ag.. 2024. 5. 10. (Fig 3-A.27) Posteromedial Corner MRI Anatomy, Posterior Oblique Ligament https://youtu.be/WmHsoINz8Uohttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌 MRI Anatomy of the Posterior Oblique Ligament✅ Proximal Attachments The posterior oblique ligament (POL) originates near the adductor tubercle from the posterior margin of the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), where the sMCL fuses with the deep medial collateral ligament.Visualization The POL is best visualized on coronal a.. 2024. 5. 10. (Fig 3-A.26) Three arms of the posterior oblique ligament, anatomy https://youtu.be/ufadm4r7kIIhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌Anatomy of the Posterior Oblique Ligament ✅ Origin Originates distal and posterior to adductor tubercle (separate from superficial MCL origin) ✅ Proximal Course Identified posterior to superficial MCL proximally on axial imaging ✅ Distal Attachments Three arms: Capsular arm - blends with posterior capsule and semimembranosus sheathTibial.. 2024. 5. 10. (Fig 3-A.25) Reverse Segond Fracture https://youtu.be/u8e6imw1MOAhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌 Segond FractureAvulsion fracture of anterolateral ligament at tibial insertionAssociated with ACL, MCL, medial meniscus, posterolateral corner injuriesSeen in around 40% of ACL injuriesIndicates anterolateral rotatory instabilityCommonly occurs with sporting injuries📌 Reverse Segond FractureAvulsion of meniscotibial ligament at tibial .. 2024. 5. 9. (Fig 3-A.24) Meniscotibial Ligament Tear_ Part 2 https://youtu.be/lhBTE-fzFbchttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌 Case study: Meniscotibial Ligament TearComplete proximal tear of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)Tear of the deep medial collateral ligament meniscotibial ligament at its tibial attachmentThickening and increased signal of the meniscofemoral ligamentPosterior root tear of the medial meniscusSuspected entrapment of the short menisco.. 2024. 5. 9. (Fig 3-A.23) Meniscotibial Ligament Tear_ Part 1 https://youtu.be/lxtIuqdGWcshttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌 Meniscotibial Ligament and Its ImportanceThe meniscotibial ligament plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability and position of the meniscus. Its tibial attachment is located on the medial aspect of the medial rim of the tibial plateau, near the joint line and proximal to the attachment of the anterior arm of the semimembranosus e.. 2024. 5. 9. (Fig 3-A.22) Meniscofemoral Ligament Avulsion Fracture https://youtu.be/AQG4wxLAKlMhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌Deep MCL Avulsion Injury: Symptoms and Types✅ Symptoms:Isolated meniscofemoral ligament tear: Chronic knee pain (no instability)Meniscotibial ligament tear: Knee instability, medial meniscus extrusionMay mimic meniscal tear symptoms✅ Injury Types:1️⃣ Meniscofemoral Ligament InjuriesRare avulsion fractures in adultsMore prone to sprains/t.. 2024. 5. 9. (Fig 3-A.21) Meniscofemoral Ligament Tear https://youtu.be/VxP4f9PU47khttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌 Meniscofemoral Ligament Tear✅ Associations and ImplicationsAssociated with high-grade MCL injuries, meniscocapsular separation, and meniscal injuriesIn ACL-deficient knee, sMCL and medial capsule act as secondary restraints to anterior tibial translationMeniscofemoral ligament injuries are prevalent in ACL ruptures and can present with .. 2024. 5. 8. (Fig 3-A.20) Superficial and Deep MCL Anatomy https://youtu.be/At9hFmbgYD4https://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌Deep Medial Collateral Ligament The deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL) is an essential independent stabilizer of the knee joint, adhering to the articular capsule.Rupture of the dMCL can clinically mimic a meniscal tear, highlighting the importance of recognizing and properly evaluating this structure during knee examinations and ima.. 2024. 5. 8. (Fig 3-A.19) Pellegrini-Stieda Disease_ Part 2 https://youtu.be/bYEyymwXAschttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc ✅Main imaging findings of Pellegrini-Stieda DiseaseA large ossification adjacent to the medial femoral epicondyle with marrow fat signal or uniform fat suppressionIntraligamentous and periligamentous ossification of the MCL, with thickening and calcification at the proximal insertion and mid-substancePotential ossification proximal to the .. 2024. 5. 8. (Fig 3-A.18) Pellegrini-Stieda Disease: Part 1 https://youtu.be/wln3LeV0jOkhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌 Pellegrini-Stieda disease: refers to intraligamentous or periligamentous calcification and ossification that can occur with chronic injuries of the medial collateral ligament (MCL). ✅ Schematic RepresentationThis condition can present with different appearances and locations around the MCL, as depicted in the provided schematic:I. Beak.. 2024. 5. 7. (Fig 3-A.17) Subacute to Chronic MCL Injury https://youtu.be/i4h2R0q3B2Uhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc ✅ Chronic Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) Injuries➡️ Chronic MCL Imaging FindingsThickening of ligamentWaviness of fibersDiscontinuityincreased signalAbsence of subcutaneous edema/soft tissue swelling seen in acute injuries➡️ Importance of Recognizing Chronic InjuriesCan lead to progressive degenerative changes and loss of functionMay req.. 2024. 5. 7. (Fig 3-A.16) MCL Avulsion fracture https://youtu.be/_qSjjjH5v6c?si=vYrQsBic3OSHrdd3https://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc CASE STUDY ✅Avulsion fracture at the medial collateral ligament's epicondylar attachment. ✅ Key findings on imaging include:Avulsion fracture of the MCL visible, without displacementContinuity of the fracture fragment with the MCL on MRIAssociated extracapsular hemorrhage appearing hyperintenseFracture line is hyperinte.. 2024. 5. 7. (Fig 3-A.14) Intra-Articular Entrapment of the MCL: Part 1, medial patellofemoral ligament, POL tear https://youtu.be/WtlYGjTYgmEhttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌 Intra-Articular Entrapment of the MCLAn entrapped ligament within the joint space (intra-articularly) leads to prolonged symptoms and delayed healing of the ligamentous injury, regardless of the patient's age. Less common injury patterns include entrapment of the ligament more proximally, beneath a reverse Segond fracture, or within the.. 2024. 5. 6. (Fig 3-A.13) Stener-like lesion of MCL, avulsed distal MCL retracted medially to the pes tendons. https://youtu.be/NW8l1pc2Mqshttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌Importance of Recognizing Stener-Like Lesion (SLL)Axial image: avulsed distal MCL retracted medial to the pes tendons and entrapped superficial to the pes anserinus tendonsCoronal image: shortened and bunched appearance of the MCLInterposed pes tendons preclude anatomic MCL healingCan lead to chronic knee valgus instability✅ Prevalence a.. 2024. 5. 6. (Fig 3-A.12) Wave Sign MCL Tear Without Stener-Like Lesion https://youtu.be/cSR45JIYK4ohttps://youtu.be/GSIg93UH3Oc 📌 The Wave Sign: Tears of the Distal Superficial Medial Collateral LigamentTears of the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) most commonly involve the proximal or middle portion.The "wave sign" on MRI is essential for diagnosing medial collateral ligament tibial side avulsions.Waviness of the superficial MCL and injuries to other.. 2024. 5. 5. 이전 1 ··· 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ··· 20 다음
