분류 전체보기604 (Fig 2-E.19) PCL Bony Avulsion At Tibial Insertion https://youtu.be/l1j_Prh5nTQ https://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA✅PCL bony avulsion at the tibial insertionPCL bony avulsion at the tibial insertion occurs in about 10% of cases. It's important to differentiate ligamentous injuries of the PCL from osseous avulsions because osseous avulsions can be treated with primary fixation.Radiology. 2016 Oct;281(1):23-40✅Main points:In bony avulsion cases, the focu.. 2024. 3. 17. (Fig 2-E.17) Partial Tears of PCL and Intact MFL https://youtu.be/f5Pix4pMyCshttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA🔴Partial Tear of PCL1️⃣Frequency and Diagnosis Challenges:Partial tears are more common in the PCL than in the ACL.An acutely torn PCL can appear as a continuous structure in 62% to 75% of cases, making it difficult to differentiate between complete and partial tears.Reference: Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2022 May;30(2):261-275.2️⃣Imagin.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.16) Bone Contusions In PCL Hyperextension Injury https://youtu.be/EPclnY3G4AYhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA📌 PCL Hyperextension Injury📌 1️⃣Hyperextension Injuries: These injuries can lead to contusions of the anterotibial articular surface and the anterior aspect of the femoral condyle. Severe hyperextension injuries may also be associated with a tear of the ACL, PCL, posterior capsule, and injuries to the posterolateral or posteromedial corne.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.14) Common MRI Findings of PCL Tears https://youtu.be/26uy03ZZ9Akhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ MRI Findings of Acute PCL Injury✅ Key Indicators:Focal discontinuity of fibers.The anteroposterior diameter of the ligament distal to the genu is greater than 7 mm.Presence of abnormal intermediate or fluid intrasubstance signal, potentially more evident on proton density images.Striated appearance of the PCL.Lax or wavy appearance of t.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.13) Transverse Tear of PCL And Impingement https://youtu.be/Eszla_Ycy6whttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA🔴 Impingement in the Tibiofemoral Joint (TFJ) 🔴1️⃣ Partial Rupture of PCL and Its Consequences:A partially ruptured Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) led to an impingement in the medial Tibiofemoral Joint (TFJ), necessitating excision.The torn PCL stump, originating from the intercondylar notch, became entrapped in the medial TFJ, causing.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.12) Two Patterns Of The PCL Tears https://youtu.be/-v6nxEn84CYhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ MRI Signs of PCL Tear:Focal disruption of the PCL.Amorphous increased signal intensity with disruption of one or both margins of the ligament.Increased signal intensity on proton density images is more common than on T2-weighted images.Nonvisualization of the PCL.Abnormal thickening of the PCL distal to the genu with an anteroposterior .. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.11) Femoral Periosteal Avulsion Tear Of The PCL https://youtu.be/YH78klEDz-ohttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣PCL Injuries OverviewMultiligamentous injuries involving the PCL are more common than isolated PCL tears. Midsubstance tears are the most prevalent form. The PCL can be injured through its substance or at its tibial and femoral attachments. (Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 22 (2014) 557–580)2️⃣ Surgical ManagementProximal third PCL tears an.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.10) PCL Ganglia and Mucoid degeneration https://youtu.be/hVhFMsTWhGkhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣PCL GangliaPCL ganglia typically appear as well-defined multilocular cysts adjacent to and along the dorsal PCL surface.Differential diagnosis should be made from a posteromedial meniscal cyst extending centrally within the joint, predominantly posterior to the PCL.Reference: Insights Imaging (2013) 4:257–2722️⃣Mucoid Degeneration and Ga.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.09) Mucoid Degeneration Of The PCL https://youtu.be/JzO4UAOuiZQhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ Mucoid Degeneration of the PCLDiagnosis Criteria: Mucoid degeneration of the PCL should be diagnosed when the ligament is intact and thickened, with increased signal intensity on fluid-sensitive sequences. This is especially relevant in patients with no history of trauma or knee injury and no clinical signs of ligamentous instability.So.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.08) Anatomy Of The PCL On Axial Images https://youtu.be/fbchnlT8gWMhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ Anatomy of the PCL on axial Images:Axial images are particularly well suited for visualization of the vertical component and the coronal images for visualization of the horizontal component.Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 22 (2014) 557–580 2️⃣ Meniscofemoral Ligaments (MFLs):The presence of the anterior and posterior MFL varies among indi.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.06) Anatomy Of The Proximal PCL On Coronal Images https://youtu.be/natshaOBGxghttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ Anatomy of the Proximal PCL on Coronal Images:The proximal PCL appears more circular in cross-section on mid- and anterior-coronal images.On the posterior coronal plane, the PCL shows a more vertical orientation. This is because it's sectioned along the downward slope of its curved arc.Stoller's Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine: The Kne.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.05) Anatomy Of The PCL On Sagittal Images⎜ Meniscofemoral Ligaments ⎜Humphrey ⎜ Wrisberg https://youtu.be/zzRiL194xUIhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA🔴 Anatomy of the PCL on Sagittal Images 🔴1️⃣ Sagittal Plane Overview➡️ The Posterior Cruciate Ligament in the sagittal plane displays a curved form, consisting of horizontal proximal, genu, and vertical distal components.Measurement and Appearance on Sagittal T2-Weighted ImagesNormal PCL Diameter: The PCL shows a maximum anteroposterior d.. 2024. 3. 13. (Fig 2-E.03) PCL_ Posterior Aspect Knee ⎜anterolateral bundle ⎜ posteromedial bundle Anatomy https://youtu.be/_XvbZReCPzwhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ PCL Tibial Attachment Anatomy and Bundle Locations➡️ AL and PM Bundle Locations in the PCLThe AL bundle is located in the superolateral aspect of the footprint.The PM bundle is in the inferomedial aspect of the PCL footprint.The most posterolateral aspect of the medial meniscus root typically marks the most anterior portion of the PCL.R.. 2024. 3. 13. (Fig 2-E.02) Femoral Attachment Of The PCL ⎜ Meniscofemoral Ligaments ⎜Humphrey ⎜ Wrisberg https://youtu.be/QZMVJweIUA8https://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA🔴 Meniscofemoral Ligaments 🔴1️⃣ Femoral Bony LandmarksThe medial intercondylar ridge marks the superior border of the AL and PM bundle origins. The medial bifurcate ridge separates the two bundles. (J Knee Surg. 2021 Apr;34(5):499-508) 2️⃣ Femoral Attachment of the PCLThe ALB's center is located 7.4 mm from the trochlear point, 11.0 mm fr.. 2024. 3. 13. (Fig 2-E.01) PCL: Right Knee Flexed To 90° Femoral Attachment of the PCL AL and PM bundles https://youtu.be/ZGYKJ-gA8gIhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ Femoral Attachment of the PCLLocation: The femoral attachment of the PCL is situated on the lateral facet of the medial femoral condyle. This extensive half-moon shaped site encompasses the roof of the intercondylar notch anteriorly, is bound proximally by the medial intercondylar ridge, and reaches the margin of the articular cartilage.. 2024. 3. 13. (Fig 2-D.22) Septic Arthritis And Osteomyelitis, Graft Infection after ACL Reconstruction https://youtu.be/ywEZXmZTvRAhttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Graft Infection after ACL ReconstructionGraft infection following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) is rare, with an incidence rate of 0.1–0.9%. These infections are most commonly identified in the early postoperative phase.2️⃣ MRI Signs of Graft InfectionSynovitis with Lamellated Synovium: Indicative of in.. 2024. 3. 10. (Fig 2-D.21) Two-Stage ACL Revision https://youtu.be/A-BQcvJa_eghttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Single vs. Two-Stage SurgeryStudies published to date support that a tunnel diameter greater than 15 mm will require two-stage surgery when the original tunnels are in anatomical position. Conversely, a revision with a tunnel diameter of less than 10 mm can typically be accomplished in a single surgery. For tunnels measuring .. 2024. 3. 10. (Fig 2-D.20) Pretibial Masses Of Various Etiologies Delayed onset bioabsorbable screw reaction https://youtu.be/52WbP6MeYvkhttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE✅Delayed onset bioabsorbable screw reactionThere are reports of screw-to-soft/bony-tissue reactions from the host response to the degrading polymers.This reaction subsequently results in pre-tibial cysts, effusion, swelling, and screw extrusion.An index of suspicion regarding those late complications for postoperative anterior c.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.19) Tibial Tunnel Enlargement Caused By Ganglion Cyst https://youtu.be/7oUX48Ha1EIhttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Definition and Indicators of Tunnel WideningTunnel widening is identified as a postoperative enlargement greater than 2 mm on anteroposterior or lateral radiographs, a change that raises suspicion when observed in the parallel walls of a cone-shaped tunnel. This phenomenon is primarily cavitary and often peaks in the mid-zone.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.18) Inflammatory Reaction of the Bioabsorbable Interference Screw ACL reconstruction https://youtu.be/1qCZKFy_Bhchttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Bioabsorbable ScrewThe primary role of the bioabsorbable screw is to secure the graft and maintain stable fixation long enough for the graft to integrate fully before the screw begins to degrade.2️⃣ Graft Incorporation vs. Screw DegradationTiming Mismatch: A disparity between the time needed for graft incorporation and the.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.17) Femoral Tunnel Posterior Wall Fracture https://youtu.be/1C6kvr57L-ghttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE📌 Femoral Tunnel Posterior Wall Fracture 1️⃣ Impact of Tunnel MalpositionAnterior malposition: Rotational laxity or graft impingementPosterior placement: Breach of posterior femoral cortex, lack of fixation 2️⃣ Consequences of Posterior Wall ViolationKnown as posterior wall blowout, Occurs distally at the tunnel's aperture.. 2024. 3. 9. 이전 1 ··· 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ··· 29 다음
