✅ Knee MRI Mastery/Chap 2.ACL and PCL99 (Fig 2-E.09) Mucoid Degeneration Of The PCL https://youtu.be/JzO4UAOuiZQhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ Mucoid Degeneration of the PCLDiagnosis Criteria: Mucoid degeneration of the PCL should be diagnosed when the ligament is intact and thickened, with increased signal intensity on fluid-sensitive sequences. This is especially relevant in patients with no history of trauma or knee injury and no clinical signs of ligamentous instability.So.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.08) Anatomy Of The PCL On Axial Images https://youtu.be/fbchnlT8gWMhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ Anatomy of the PCL on axial Images:Axial images are particularly well suited for visualization of the vertical component and the coronal images for visualization of the horizontal component.Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 22 (2014) 557–580 2️⃣ Meniscofemoral Ligaments (MFLs):The presence of the anterior and posterior MFL varies among indi.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.06) Anatomy Of The Proximal PCL On Coronal Images https://youtu.be/natshaOBGxghttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ Anatomy of the Proximal PCL on Coronal Images:The proximal PCL appears more circular in cross-section on mid- and anterior-coronal images.On the posterior coronal plane, the PCL shows a more vertical orientation. This is because it's sectioned along the downward slope of its curved arc.Stoller's Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine: The Kne.. 2024. 3. 16. (Fig 2-E.05) Anatomy Of The PCL On Sagittal Images⎜ Meniscofemoral Ligaments ⎜Humphrey ⎜ Wrisberg https://youtu.be/zzRiL194xUIhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA🔴 Anatomy of the PCL on Sagittal Images 🔴1️⃣ Sagittal Plane Overview➡️ The Posterior Cruciate Ligament in the sagittal plane displays a curved form, consisting of horizontal proximal, genu, and vertical distal components.Measurement and Appearance on Sagittal T2-Weighted ImagesNormal PCL Diameter: The PCL shows a maximum anteroposterior d.. 2024. 3. 13. (Fig 2-E.03) PCL_ Posterior Aspect Knee ⎜anterolateral bundle ⎜ posteromedial bundle Anatomy https://youtu.be/_XvbZReCPzwhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ PCL Tibial Attachment Anatomy and Bundle Locations➡️ AL and PM Bundle Locations in the PCLThe AL bundle is located in the superolateral aspect of the footprint.The PM bundle is in the inferomedial aspect of the PCL footprint.The most posterolateral aspect of the medial meniscus root typically marks the most anterior portion of the PCL.R.. 2024. 3. 13. (Fig 2-E.02) Femoral Attachment Of The PCL ⎜ Meniscofemoral Ligaments ⎜Humphrey ⎜ Wrisberg https://youtu.be/QZMVJweIUA8https://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA🔴 Meniscofemoral Ligaments 🔴1️⃣ Femoral Bony LandmarksThe medial intercondylar ridge marks the superior border of the AL and PM bundle origins. The medial bifurcate ridge separates the two bundles. (J Knee Surg. 2021 Apr;34(5):499-508) 2️⃣ Femoral Attachment of the PCLThe ALB's center is located 7.4 mm from the trochlear point, 11.0 mm fr.. 2024. 3. 13. (Fig 2-E.01) PCL: Right Knee Flexed To 90° Femoral Attachment of the PCL AL and PM bundles https://youtu.be/ZGYKJ-gA8gIhttps://youtu.be/UgiSgNcqguA1️⃣ Femoral Attachment of the PCLLocation: The femoral attachment of the PCL is situated on the lateral facet of the medial femoral condyle. This extensive half-moon shaped site encompasses the roof of the intercondylar notch anteriorly, is bound proximally by the medial intercondylar ridge, and reaches the margin of the articular cartilage.. 2024. 3. 13. (Fig 2-D.22) Septic Arthritis And Osteomyelitis, Graft Infection after ACL Reconstruction https://youtu.be/ywEZXmZTvRAhttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Graft Infection after ACL ReconstructionGraft infection following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) is rare, with an incidence rate of 0.1–0.9%. These infections are most commonly identified in the early postoperative phase.2️⃣ MRI Signs of Graft InfectionSynovitis with Lamellated Synovium: Indicative of in.. 2024. 3. 10. (Fig 2-D.21) Two-Stage ACL Revision https://youtu.be/A-BQcvJa_eghttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Single vs. Two-Stage SurgeryStudies published to date support that a tunnel diameter greater than 15 mm will require two-stage surgery when the original tunnels are in anatomical position. Conversely, a revision with a tunnel diameter of less than 10 mm can typically be accomplished in a single surgery. For tunnels measuring .. 2024. 3. 10. (Fig 2-D.20) Pretibial Masses Of Various Etiologies Delayed onset bioabsorbable screw reaction https://youtu.be/52WbP6MeYvkhttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE✅Delayed onset bioabsorbable screw reactionThere are reports of screw-to-soft/bony-tissue reactions from the host response to the degrading polymers.This reaction subsequently results in pre-tibial cysts, effusion, swelling, and screw extrusion.An index of suspicion regarding those late complications for postoperative anterior c.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.19) Tibial Tunnel Enlargement Caused By Ganglion Cyst https://youtu.be/7oUX48Ha1EIhttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Definition and Indicators of Tunnel WideningTunnel widening is identified as a postoperative enlargement greater than 2 mm on anteroposterior or lateral radiographs, a change that raises suspicion when observed in the parallel walls of a cone-shaped tunnel. This phenomenon is primarily cavitary and often peaks in the mid-zone.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.18) Inflammatory Reaction of the Bioabsorbable Interference Screw ACL reconstruction https://youtu.be/1qCZKFy_Bhchttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Bioabsorbable ScrewThe primary role of the bioabsorbable screw is to secure the graft and maintain stable fixation long enough for the graft to integrate fully before the screw begins to degrade.2️⃣ Graft Incorporation vs. Screw DegradationTiming Mismatch: A disparity between the time needed for graft incorporation and the.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.17) Femoral Tunnel Posterior Wall Fracture https://youtu.be/1C6kvr57L-ghttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE📌 Femoral Tunnel Posterior Wall Fracture 1️⃣ Impact of Tunnel MalpositionAnterior malposition: Rotational laxity or graft impingementPosterior placement: Breach of posterior femoral cortex, lack of fixation 2️⃣ Consequences of Posterior Wall ViolationKnown as posterior wall blowout, Occurs distally at the tunnel's aperture.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.15) PCL impingement caused by protruding interference screw https://youtu.be/biX85_MaKLQhttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Types of Hardware FailureHardware fractureDislodgementMalpositioning2️⃣ Consequences of Hardware FailureMechanical symptoms from fractured or dislodged hardwareGraft fixation failure if hardware fails before graft incorporationMechanical impingement or irritation from malpositioned or displaced hardware fragments Ma.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.14) Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone (BPTB) Graft Bone Plug Migration https://youtu.be/gO2rd93hWYc?si=p-uZwpDvbhIf_zZXhttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE✅ Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone (BPTB) Graft Bone Plug Migration BPTB graft complications in ACL reconstruction can include bone plug migration.Loose or dislodged screws can lead to bone plug migration.Even with an intact graft, the graft fails functionally if one end is not fixed.https://visualizingmsk.blogspo.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.13) Interference Screw migration, Fixation Site, ACL reconstruction-related complications https://youtu.be/KlbJcylLws8https://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE✅ Fixation Site ComplicationsBone Plug Issues: Fractures, dislocations of bone plugs, and bone reabsorption around these plugs.Types of Devices: Utilization of bioabsorbable or metallic screws, crosspins, and endobuttons.Bone Fractures: Occurrences of fractures in the femur or tibia during graft placement.Potential Issues: Th.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.12) Chronic ACL Graft tear https://youtu.be/AS9m2guLAXshttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpELong-standing instability post-ACL reconstruction. No remnant graft fibres are visualised, most likely due to resorption after complete tear 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.11) ACL Graft tear and Stump entrapment https://youtu.be/72PXx8fFH1Yhttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Pseudo-Cyclops Lesion✅ Definition and CharacteristicsDescription: Occasionally, partially torn graft fibers are displaced into the intercondylar notch, mimicking a cyclops lesion. This phenomenon is known as a "pseudo-cyclops lesion."Distinguishing Features: Unlike a true cyclops lesion, a pseudo-cyclops lesion involves a po.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.10) ACL Graft partial tear https://youtu.be/OTlWLjLKuPohttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE✅ Differentiating Revascularization from Graft Tear Secondary indicators of graft rupture include uncovering the lateral meniscus's posterior horn, visualization of the complete lateral collateral ligament in one coronal slice, buckling of PCL, and anterior translation of the tibia. The observation of secondary signs is crucial i.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.09) ACL Graft complete tear https://youtu.be/tSybCcdOssghttps://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1️⃣ Graft Tear✅ Susceptibility to InjuryGrafts are most vulnerable during the remodeling process, typically 4–8 months post-surgery.✅ Primary Signs of InjuryGraft Signal Abnormalities: Increased signal on T2-weighted MRI sequences.Graft Thickness: Variations in the thickness of the graft.Fiber Discontinuity: Breaks or inter.. 2024. 3. 9. (Fig 2-D.08) ACL graft Mucoid degeneration and ganglia https://youtu.be/XS_oo3neNx4https://youtu.be/rbdodKV6lpE1. Cystic Degeneration of the GraftCystic degeneration, also known as ganglion cyst formation within the graft, is recognized as a late complication of ACL reconstruction.These cystic fluid collections can extend proximally through the tibial tunnel into the joint space or distally into the soft tissues anterior to the tibial tub.. 2024. 3. 9. 이전 1 2 3 4 5 다음
